Tool steel M42 ships annealed for machining and is hardened afterward into a cobalt-enhanced high-speed steel reaching higher hardness than standard M2, suited to the most demanding cutting applications despite being more brittle and costly.
M42 is supplied annealed and is notably harder to machine at this stage than M2 or W1.
M42 is more brittle than M2, with only fair toughness, and costs more.
Tool steel M42 is suited to high-speed machining of hard or abrasive materials where M2 would soften or dull too quickly.